V neděli 27.10. jsme se opět účastnili vzpomínkové akce Memorial Association for Free Czechoslovak Veterans u pomníku padlým československým vojákům na vojenském hřbitově v Brookwood.
Tento rok jsme si také připomněli 80. výročí Slovenského národního povstání, druhého největšího povstání proti fašismu během 2. světové války.
Na každou vzpomínkovou akci připravuje Jana Nahodilova z Česká a slovenská škola Okénko v Londýně společně s neskutečnou Gerry Manolas z MAFCSV vzdělávací aktivity a výtvarnou a literární soutěž pro všechny české a slovenské děti v UK i zahraničí.
Letos bylo téma Slovenské národní povstání a tři osoby, které se ho účastnily - britský major John Sehmer, slovenská překladatelka a učitelka Maria Galovichová a fotograf Judr. Anton Ivan Székely. Děkujeme všem dětem z Okénka a Czech & Slovak Community and School Bristol CIC za jejich zajímavé příspěvky. Děkujeme zástupkyni slovenského velvyslance paní Denise Medvedové a slovenskému vojenskému attaché plukovníkovi Sliackemu za výběr vítězných prací a tímto gratulujeme všem vítězům.
Příští vzpomínková akce v Brookwoodu se bude konat 11.5.2025 a opět budeme připravovat soutěž - sledujte tedy stránky Okénka a MAFCSV blíže datu.
Na závěr text básničky na téma Slovenského národního povstání, kterou přednesla Ella Nahodilová Grant z Okénka za svoji sestru Annu.
Slovak National Uprising
By Anna Nahodilova Grant
Read by Ella N G
The fight began 80 years ago
The Slovak’s cry to arms
They had to fight, for their home
Win it back from their enemies grasp
It wasn’t just the Slovaks though
There were 34 other nationalities
They worked together to try and overthrow
Josef Tiso’s government, and the German Wehrmacht army
For 2 months they were successful
The Partisans had won
But soon the outcome was pitiful
Because the Slovaks were outplanned and outgunned
The German army took over again
In October of 1944
But the Slovak National Uprising
Was symbolic of who they were prepared to fight for
So we’re here today to remember
The bravery and courage of them all
Because without the sacrifice of people like John Sehmer
Who knows if we’d be here at all
Tento rok jsme si také připomněli 80. výročí Slovenského národního povstání, druhého největšího povstání proti fašismu během 2. světové války.
Na každou vzpomínkovou akci připravuje Jana Nahodilova z Česká a slovenská škola Okénko v Londýně společně s neskutečnou Gerry Manolas z MAFCSV vzdělávací aktivity a výtvarnou a literární soutěž pro všechny české a slovenské děti v UK i zahraničí.
Letos bylo téma Slovenské národní povstání a tři osoby, které se ho účastnily - britský major John Sehmer, slovenská překladatelka a učitelka Maria Galovichová a fotograf Judr. Anton Ivan Székely. Děkujeme všem dětem z Okénka a Czech & Slovak Community and School Bristol CIC za jejich zajímavé příspěvky. Děkujeme zástupkyni slovenského velvyslance paní Denise Medvedové a slovenskému vojenskému attaché plukovníkovi Sliackemu za výběr vítězných prací a tímto gratulujeme všem vítězům.
Příští vzpomínková akce v Brookwoodu se bude konat 11.5.2025 a opět budeme připravovat soutěž - sledujte tedy stránky Okénka a MAFCSV blíže datu.
Na závěr text básničky na téma Slovenského národního povstání, kterou přednesla Ella Nahodilová Grant z Okénka za svoji sestru Annu.
Slovak National Uprising
By Anna Nahodilova Grant
Read by Ella N G
The fight began 80 years ago
The Slovak’s cry to arms
They had to fight, for their home
Win it back from their enemies grasp
It wasn’t just the Slovaks though
There were 34 other nationalities
They worked together to try and overthrow
Josef Tiso’s government, and the German Wehrmacht army
For 2 months they were successful
The Partisans had won
But soon the outcome was pitiful
Because the Slovaks were outplanned and outgunned
The German army took over again
In October of 1944
But the Slovak National Uprising
Was symbolic of who they were prepared to fight for
So we’re here today to remember
The bravery and courage of them all
Because without the sacrifice of people like John Sehmer
Who knows if we’d be here at all
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Here you will find:
1. General information about the Slovak National Uprising Information about three heroes of the SNU 2. Major John Sehmer - British intelligence officer 3. Maria Galovichova Liu - translator and member of Slovak resistance 4. Judr. Anton Ivan Székely - Jewish photographer of the SNU |
Tu nájdete:
1. Všeobecné informácie o Slovenskom národnom povstaní Informácie o troch hrdinoch SNP 2. Major John Sehmer - britský spravodajský dôstojník 3. Mária Galovichová Liu - prekladateľka a členka slovenského odboja 4. Judr. Anton Ivan Székely - židovský fotograf SNU |
1. General information about SNUSlovak National Uprising was an armed insurrection during WWII against the arrival of the German Wehrmacht. It began on August 29th 1944 as a defence against German occupying army but was also indirect an attack against authoritarian government of Jozef Tiso, as well as an attempt to belong to the side of the winning allied forces of WWII. The centre of the Uprising was Banská Bystrica. German army defeated the uprising and on the night from October 27th to 28th 1944, part of the units joined partisans. Partisans continued fighting Nazis until the country was liberated by Soviet, Rumunian and Czecho-Slovak armies in Spring 1945.
Even though the name Slovak National Uprising evokes that it were Slovaks rising against the unfair rule, in fact there were people of 35 nations and nationalities taking part in the insurgency. |
1. Všeobecné informácie o SNUSlovenské národné povstanie bolo ozbrojené povstanie slovenského domáceho odboja počas druhej svetovej vojny proti vstupu nemeckého Wehrmachtu na územie vojnovej Slovenskej republiky. Začalo sa 29. augusta 1944 ako obrana pred nemeckými okupačnými jednotkami, nepriamo bolo i útokom proti autoritatívnej vláde na čele s Jozefom Tisom, ako aj snahou byť na strane víťazných spojeneckých mocností druhej svetovej vojny. Centrom povstania bola Banská Bystrica. Nemecké jednotky povstaleckú armádu porazili a v noci z 27. na 28. októbra 1944 časť jej jednotiek prešla na partizánsky spôsob boja. Partizáni pokračovali v bojoch proti nacistom až do oslobodenia krajiny sovietskymi, rumunskými a česko-slovenskými vojskami na jar 1945.
Aj keď názov Slovenské národné povstanie evokuje, že to boli Slováci, ktorí povstali proti nespravodlivej vláde, v skutočnosti sa na povstaní zúčastňovali ľudia 35 národov a národností. |
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More information:
Remembering the foreigners who joined the Slovak National Uprising - text How foreigners helped with the national revolt - text and audio 
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Múzeum Slovenského národného povstania - web pages
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Map of the Slovak National Uprising in its first days. Credit: Map on the front side of Martin Lacko: Slovenské nárdoné povstanie 1944 [The Slovak National Uprising 1944]. Slovart: Bratislava 2008.
2. Major John Sehmer
Major John Sehmer, a British intelligence officer who lost his life after the Slovak National Uprising was suppressed
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Brookwood CWGC link to the Slovak National Uprising - Who knew?
Thanks to some clever detective work by Helena Pumeova in the Czech Republic we have discovered there is a direct link between the memorials at Brookwood CWGC in Surrey and the Slovak National Uprising.
On panel 26 of the Memorial to the Missing is the name Major John Sehmer who was part of the 45th Battalion of the Royal Tank Regiment. He joined the SOE on 26.01.1943 and was part of Operation Windproof in 1944.
Officially Operation Windproof was a communication operation, trying to connect with the Slovak partisans who were helping downed pilots and crews evade capture and to rescue them. Major Sehmer was parachuted into Czechoslovakia during September 1944 at Zarnovica, by an RAF Special Duty Haliax from 184th Squadron, Brindisi. Subsequently he was instructed to become head of the British Mission to the Slovak National Uprising.
They linked up with a small detachment of the U.S Office of Strategic Services (OSS) operatives code named ‘Dawes’ and was led by US Navy Lt. James Holt Green. Also, with the group was a US journalist Joe Morton, who had covered similar rescue missions before.
Unfortunately, the partisans’ momentum stalled, and the Germans started to take the advantage, leading Green to cable back to headquarters in Bari requesting supplies and planes to evacuate them. On October 26th the Germans took the airfield at Tri Duby airfield (now known as Sliač) south of Banská Bystrica, but the group was already on the run making their way east, into the mountains, and ended up near Polomka in mid-December.
Maria Gulovich, a member of the resistance was a local teacher and accompanied the mission as a translator. They all suffered from the cold and lack of food, and poor clothing suited to the mountain trekking they were constantly undertaking to keep ahead of the enemy. Members of the group were dwindling as they got caught searching for food by Germans or fascist Slovaks who knew they were on the run.
On Boxing Day 1944 Major Erwein Thun-Hohenstein who had been hunting the fugitives arrived at the hut near Polomka. Vastly outnumbered, the Allies had no choice but to surrender. The raiding party discovered documents, maps, a camera, a typewriter, a short-wave radio and other items in the hut that would eventually be used as evidence that these were not soldiers, but spies.
Lt Green, Major Sehmer and Joe Moreton were taken to Mauthausen, the large concentration camp near Linz, Austria, where they arrived Jan. 7, 1945. Over several days in January, the prisoners were interrogated, and were tortured by SS and Gestapo officials and the camp’s commandant, Franz Ziereis.
On Jan. 24 the head of the Reich Main Security Office (RSHA), Ernst Kaltenbrunner, sent a telegram to Ziereis directing that the prisoners be shot immediately. Camp officials informed the men that they were being transferred and told them they needed to be photographed and change into prison clothes as part of the procedure. Instead, they were led into the basement one by one, ordered to remove their clothes, and shot in the back of the head.
Major John Sehmer is not only remembered at Brookwood, but in the Allied Forces Memorial Grove at the National Memorial Arboretum Staffordshire.
It is so important to remember how hard the Allies tried to turn the tide against the Germans especially during 1944, and to bring the war to an end. Both the Slovak and later Czech Uprisings were examples of how the Allies wanted to use and galvanise the partisans knowledge and man power to attack ‘from within’, but without the co-ordination and equipment necessary, it made impossible to achieve success. Nevertheless, the bravery of all can never be in any doubt and the lengths they would go to try to make a difference shows incredible courage.
Source: Memorial Association for Free Czechoslovak Veterans
Thanks to some clever detective work by Helena Pumeova in the Czech Republic we have discovered there is a direct link between the memorials at Brookwood CWGC in Surrey and the Slovak National Uprising.
On panel 26 of the Memorial to the Missing is the name Major John Sehmer who was part of the 45th Battalion of the Royal Tank Regiment. He joined the SOE on 26.01.1943 and was part of Operation Windproof in 1944.
Officially Operation Windproof was a communication operation, trying to connect with the Slovak partisans who were helping downed pilots and crews evade capture and to rescue them. Major Sehmer was parachuted into Czechoslovakia during September 1944 at Zarnovica, by an RAF Special Duty Haliax from 184th Squadron, Brindisi. Subsequently he was instructed to become head of the British Mission to the Slovak National Uprising.
They linked up with a small detachment of the U.S Office of Strategic Services (OSS) operatives code named ‘Dawes’ and was led by US Navy Lt. James Holt Green. Also, with the group was a US journalist Joe Morton, who had covered similar rescue missions before.
Unfortunately, the partisans’ momentum stalled, and the Germans started to take the advantage, leading Green to cable back to headquarters in Bari requesting supplies and planes to evacuate them. On October 26th the Germans took the airfield at Tri Duby airfield (now known as Sliač) south of Banská Bystrica, but the group was already on the run making their way east, into the mountains, and ended up near Polomka in mid-December.
Maria Gulovich, a member of the resistance was a local teacher and accompanied the mission as a translator. They all suffered from the cold and lack of food, and poor clothing suited to the mountain trekking they were constantly undertaking to keep ahead of the enemy. Members of the group were dwindling as they got caught searching for food by Germans or fascist Slovaks who knew they were on the run.
On Boxing Day 1944 Major Erwein Thun-Hohenstein who had been hunting the fugitives arrived at the hut near Polomka. Vastly outnumbered, the Allies had no choice but to surrender. The raiding party discovered documents, maps, a camera, a typewriter, a short-wave radio and other items in the hut that would eventually be used as evidence that these were not soldiers, but spies.
Lt Green, Major Sehmer and Joe Moreton were taken to Mauthausen, the large concentration camp near Linz, Austria, where they arrived Jan. 7, 1945. Over several days in January, the prisoners were interrogated, and were tortured by SS and Gestapo officials and the camp’s commandant, Franz Ziereis.
On Jan. 24 the head of the Reich Main Security Office (RSHA), Ernst Kaltenbrunner, sent a telegram to Ziereis directing that the prisoners be shot immediately. Camp officials informed the men that they were being transferred and told them they needed to be photographed and change into prison clothes as part of the procedure. Instead, they were led into the basement one by one, ordered to remove their clothes, and shot in the back of the head.
Major John Sehmer is not only remembered at Brookwood, but in the Allied Forces Memorial Grove at the National Memorial Arboretum Staffordshire.
It is so important to remember how hard the Allies tried to turn the tide against the Germans especially during 1944, and to bring the war to an end. Both the Slovak and later Czech Uprisings were examples of how the Allies wanted to use and galvanise the partisans knowledge and man power to attack ‘from within’, but without the co-ordination and equipment necessary, it made impossible to achieve success. Nevertheless, the bravery of all can never be in any doubt and the lengths they would go to try to make a difference shows incredible courage.
Source: Memorial Association for Free Czechoslovak Veterans
3. Maria Galovichová Liu
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The Indomitable Maria Gulovich
Maria Gulovich, a young Slovakian schoolteacher, was only 23-years-old when she began harboring Jews from the Nazis. She joined the underground resistance and began working for the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) as a guide and interpreter. Maria repeatedly risked her life to assist the OSS, including guiding a small group of American and British intelligence officers for nine weeks through the rugged mountains of Slovakia, in a blizzard, while being hunted by Nazis. Her bravery and her indomitable spirit caught the attention of OSS Director William “Wild Bill” Donovan and future CIA Director Allen Dulles, who helped Maria become a US citizen in 1952. Maria was also the first woman to be honored with a review of cadets at the historic US Military Academy at West Point, where she was awarded the Bronze Star for her heroic service on behalf of the United States. Maria Gulovich, ID card. 1942. The Slovak SchoolteacherMaria was born on October 19, 1921, in Jakubany, Slovakia. Her father was a Greek Orthodox Catholic priest and her mother was an elementary school teacher. When Slovakia fell under German control in 1939, Maria was attending the Greek Catholic Institute for Teachers in Prešov. In 1940, she became a teacher and taught in Jarabina and later in Hriňová. In 1944, Maria’s uneventful life as a school teacher changed forever. Assisting the ResistanceOne day, Maria’s sister, Marta, and a Jewish family friend named Julius Goldberger paid her a visit at the school in Hriňová. Julius operated a nearby lumber mill, and because the Germans considered him and his mill useful, he was not sent to a concentration camp. Julius had been hiding his sister and nephew from the Germans for some time until he came under suspicion. He and Marta pleaded with Maria to hide his relatives. Maria reluctantly agreed, realizing that if she were caught, it could mean imprisonment or worse. It wasn’t long before the Slovakian authorities began to suspect Maria of harboring Jews. A Slovak Army captain showed up at the school to question Maria. Fortunately for her, the captain was part of the anti-fascist resistance. The captain offered to hide the Jewish woman and her son if Maria would join the resistance as a courier. Maria agreed and was ordered to move to Banská Bystrica where she would work as a dressmaker for an underground sympathizer. On her first mission, Maria was sent to a town 65 miles away to retrieve a suitcase. Maria didn’t find out until 1989 that the suitcase contained a radio. If she had been caught, the consequences would have been severe. She had a few close calls with the Gestapo on the return trip, but quick thinking and a little flirting got her out of trouble. In addition to her talents as a courier, Maria was fluent in five languages — Russian, Slovak, Hungarian, German, and English. Once this was discovered, Maria was assigned to translate messages from Slovak into Russian for a Russian military intelligence group. During her time working for the Russians, Maria met some American OSS officers who were assisting the resistance and rescuing some downed American airmen. By October 1944, the Germans crushed the uprising and Maria and the Russians fled to the mountains to escape. There, Maria ran into her American friends again. They, too, had headed to the mountains to evade the Germans. Maria and the Americans became friendly, and it wasn’t long before they asked her to join their group as a guide and interpreter for what the OSS called the DAWES mission. She wasn’t comfortable working for the Russians, so she eagerly accepted. Escaping the NazisMaria’s work for the OSS DAWES mission included scouting for food and intelligence, and scoping out their surroundings. She would pose as a peasant girl and go down into the towns to talk to the villagers. Often, Maria’s job led her right into danger in the form of German soldiers patrolling the roads. Her quick wit and skill with the German language got her out of many a scrape. One of the greatest dangers in the Slovak mountains was the weather, and the elements struck mercilessly during a blizzard in November 1944. The wind blew so hard that it knocked people off their feet. The weary group didn’t dare stop. They passed 83 souls who tried to rest and froze to death. Maria Gulovich, right, with Allen Dulles smoking a pipe, in Prague. 1945. One of the greatest dangers in the Slovak mountains was the weather, and the elements struck mercilessly during a blizzard in November 1944. The wind blew so hard that it knocked people off their feet. The weary group didn’t dare stop. They passed 83 souls who tried to rest and froze to death. The group finally reached the hunting lodge on Mount Dumbier, where they were to meet other British and American members of the DAWES team, including Associated Press reporter Joe Morton. It was almost Christmas and the group was waiting for provisions and supplies to be air dropped. As the days passed, Maria, Joe Morton, and some of their companions grew concerned about their safety. They were right to be worried. An elite German unit was sent to track down the DAWES mission. Maria and her group planned to leave on Christmas, but were delayed a day. On December 26, 1944, Maria, two OSS officers, and two British airmen set out to find food and medical supplies further up the mountain. Joe walked with them for a bit, then returned to the camp. Shortly after the small group left, the Germans surrounded the lodge, burned it to the ground, and captured the Americans, including Joe Morton. They were all taken to the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp, where they were tortured and killed on January 24, 1945. Maria and the small group escaped into the mountains toward the Russian front in Romania as quickly as they could. They slept in barns and mines, suffered from frostbite and lice. It took them nine weeks of hiking through the bitter cold to reach safety. Once Maria reached Bucharest, Romania, in early March, she was transferred to the OSS branch in Italy so she could continue to be paid for her work. Years after their escape, Maria’s companions remembered her with fondness. During an interview, an Army sergeant who escaped with Maria called her “our little sweetheart … for whom I am and will be grateful forever. To her, it is no doubt that I owe my safety and perhaps my life.” Becoming an American CitizenAfter the war, Maria met Allen Dulles who was the OSS chief in Switzerland at time, and later became the Director of Central Intelligence. Dulles informed OSS head Gen. William “Wild Bill” Donovan of Maria’s courageous feats, and Donovan arranged for Maria to migrate to the United States with a scholarship to Vassar College. Maria Gulovich, West Point, 1946. In May 1946, Donovan presented Maria with the Bronze Star for her service with the OSS during World War II. She was the first woman to receive a medal on the Plain of West Point in front of the Corps of Cadets. In 1952, Maria became a US citizen and settled in Oxnard, California. She established an excellent reputation as a real estate agent in Ventura County, California. Maria Gulovich died on September 25, 2009 at the age of 87. The Indomitable Maria Gulovich |
Špiónka s podmaňujúcim úsmevom
12. októbra 2021 Mária Gulovičová v sedí na lavičke Prahe v roku 1945 s Allenom Dullesom, neskorším riaditeľom CIA. Pred sto rokmi sa narodila zabudnutá hrdinka odboja Mária GULOVIČOVÁ. Keď sa 19. októbra 1921 v Jakubanoch narodila Mária GULOVIČOVÁ, rodičia nemohli tušiť, že prežije mladosť, ktorá by vystačila na niekoľko románov. Počas Slovenského národného povstania pôsobila v rokoch 1944 až 1945 v hnutí odporu ako agentka americkej a anglickej spravodajskej služby. Po vojne zostala v USA, čo ju zachránilo pred perzekúciami, ktoré postihli Slovákov bojujúcich na strane zahraničných spojencov, ako napríklad pilotov britskej Royal Air Force... Mária Gulovičová prežila nenápadné detstvo. Keďže otec bol gréckokatolícky kňaz a matka učiteľka, o jej životnej dráhe bolo rozhodnuté. Absolvovala Gréckokatolícke lýceum pre učiteľov v Prešove a v roku 1940 sa stala učiteľkou základnej školy v Jarabine. Vojna jej však, ani jej rodine, nedopriala prežiť pokojný vidiecky život. § SPOJENECKÉ MISIE Nebo okolo Banskej Bystrice 17. septembra 1944 pripomínalo rušnú križovatku. Na poľné letisko dedinky Zolná pristáli jednomotorové stíhačky Lavočkin La-5FN 1. česko-slovenského samostatného stíhacieho leteckého pluku s veliteľom štábnym kapitánom Františkom Fajtlom. Na neďaleké povstalecké letisko Tri Duby zosadli dva americké štvormotorové bombardéry B 17 G Flying Forcess z talianskej základne v Bari. Vo vzduchu hliadkovali diaľkové stíhačky Mustang, aby zabránili nemeckým útokom. Americkej misii na povstaleckom území na Slovensku velil poručík James Holt Green. Spolupracoval s generálom Jánom Golianom a o dianí na povstaleckom území informoval centrálu v talianskom Bari. Ďalšiu noc 18. septembra zoskočili z anglického lietadla Hallifax na letisko Tri Duby štyria Angličania vedení majorom Johnom Seymourom. Boli to vojaci jednotiek Special Operation Executive, ktorých členmi boli aj československí vojaci Jozef Gabčík a Jan Kubiš, ktorí 27. mája 1942 uskutočnili atentát na protektora Čiech a Moravy Reinharda Heydricha. Tlmočníkom oboch misií sa stala Mária Gulovičová. Ako sa k tejto práci dostala? § ŽIVOT ŠPIÓNKY Počas vojny Mária Gulovičová ďalej učila v Hriňovej a nič nenasvedčovalo tomu, žeby sa jej život mal zmeniť. V roku 1944 sa však zaplietla do odboja po tom, čo ju židovský priateľ Július Goldberger poprosil, aby skryla pred Nemcami sestru a jej päťročného syna. Skrývala ich od apríla do júna 1944, ale potom ju niekto udal. Mala šťastie, že vypočuť ju prišiel skrytý účastník protifašistického odboja Milan Polák. Prehovoril ju, aby sa stala kuriérkou. Presťahovala sa do Banskej Bystrice. Už jej prvá úloha prepašovať krátkovlnnú vysielačku sa takmer skončila fiaskom. Gestapo zastavilo vlak a začali ho prehľadávať, ale zachránilo ju, že vedela dobre nemecky. Jeden dôstojník jej dokonca pomohol kufor s vysielačkou vyložiť z vlaku. Po začiatku Slovenského národného povstania, keďže ovládala päť jazykov, začala robiť v odboji tlmočníčku. Najprv pracovala pre sovietsku vojenskú rozviedku, neskôr pre Office of Strategic Services (OSS), čo bola vojenská spravodajská služba zriadená na príkaz vtedajšieho prezidenta USA Franklina Delano Roosevelta. K misii bola pridelená na príkaz veliteľa povstaleckej armády na Slovensku počas Slovenského národného povstania divízneho generála Rudolfa Michala Viesta. § BRONZOVÁ HVIEZDA Keď fašisti v októbri 1944 povstanie potlačili, Mária Gulovičová pomáhala ustupujúcim Američanom prejsť cez hory. Proti bolo počasie. V decembri ich búrka uväznila na horskej chate na Homôľke pri obci Polomka. Na druhý vianočný deň sa Mária, dvaja Američania a dvaja Briti vybrali hľadať potravu a lieky. Po ich odchode chatu prepadla nemecká protipartizánska jednotka Abwehrgruppe 218, známejšia skôr pod menom Edelweiss, teda Plesnivec. Fašisti zajatých Američanov a Angličanov zastrelili 24. januára 1945 v koncentračnom tábore Mauthausen. Mária Gulovičová prežila zimu v horách, v marci 1945 sa však dostala do Bukurešti a potom do Bari. Prijali ju nastálo v centrále OSS ako tlmočníčku. Aby toho v jej živote nebolo málo, nadviazala vzťah s dôstojníkom OSS Allenom Dulesom. Ten sa neskôr stal prvým riaditeľom Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Umožnil jej emigráciu do USA a prijatie na prestížnu Vassar College v štáte New York. V roku 1946 bola za zásluhy na ceremónii konanej na U.S. Military Academy vo West Pointe vyznamenaná americkou medailou Bronzovej hviezdy, ktorú nosil napríklad aj spisovateľ Ernest Hemingway. V tom istom roku o nej napísali obsiahly článok noviny Los Angeles Time. V roku 1952 dostala americké občianstvo a presťahovala sa do Kalifornie. Žila všedným životom, až v roku 1989 poskytla spomienkový rozhovor novinám The Washington Post. § NÁVŠTEVA SLOVENSKA Na Slovensku sa stala známejšou až v roku 1994, keď sa v Polomke odhalil pamätník americkým vojakom, ktorí našli smrť počas vojny na území Slovenska. Na čele delegácie bola veľvyslankyňa USA v OSN a neskoršia ministerka zahraničných veci USA Madelaine Allbrigthová, delegáciu amerických generálov viedol námestník ministra obrany USA Tog West. Na odhalení sa zúčastnili veteráni vojny z USA, medzi inými aj Mária Gulovičová. O jej živote vyšli dve knihy ‒ v roku 2004 slovenský preklad knihy World War II: OSS Tragedy in Slovakia z roka 2002 s totožným názvom, ktorú aj podľa poznámok Márie Gulovičovej napísal americký autor Jim Downs, a v roku 2008 kniha Maria Gulovich: OSS Heroine of World War II: The Schoolteacher Who Saved American Lives in Slovakia od Sonye N. Jasonovej. Mária Gulovičová bola dvakrát vydatá a mala dve deti s prvým manželom advokátom Eugenom C. Peckom. Neskôr sa vydala za Hansa P. Liu. Zomrela 25. septembra 2009 vo svojom dome v meste Port Hueneme v americkom štáte Kalifornia na rakovinu. Špiónka s podmaňujúcim úsmevom | Slovenské národné noviny (snn.sk) |
4. Judr. Anton Ivan Székely
| szekely_anton_ivan.docx |
Zabúdnutý fotograf - text
Ikonické fotografie povstania
O ďalších hrdinských a často dojímavých príbehoch sa dozviete viac v Múzeu SNP v Banskej Bystrici. Hovoria v ňom aj o nevšednom hrdinskom príbehu JUDr. Antona Ivana Székelyho (1908-1991). Székely bol internovaný v pracovnom tábore v Novákoch odkiaľ väzni ušli a pridali sa s nadšením do SNP. Slovenská televízia uviedla o Székelym v premiére pôsobivý hraný dokumentárny film režiséra Jána Hábera už 28. augusta 2012 na Dvojke s názvom Vojak bez zbrane, kde sa hovorí: „Ako jediný sa zapojil do SNP ako vojak bez zbrane len s fotoaparátom.“
Legitimácia vojaka bez zbrane
Na veliteľstve povstaleckej armády v Banskej Bystrici mu vystavili legitimáciu, ktorá mu neraz zachránila aj život. Ako uvádza aj Múzeum SNP v Banskej Bystrici na svojej stránke, Anton Ivan Székely je prekvapivo takmer jediným autorom drvivej väčšiny ikonických fotografií. Vo filme Vojak bez zbrane jeho dcéra Lívia Barutová rozpráva viac podrobností: „Otec po vojne trpel tým, že komunisti mu odmietli uvádzať autorstvo týchto fotografií.“
Fotograf Anton Ivan Székely prežil spolu s bojovníkmi aj v prvých líniách povstaleckých bojov, či neskôr v Jegorovovej partizánskej skupine. pre slovenské dejiny a históriu priniesol množstvo vzácnych dôkazov hrdinstiev a dokumentov, ako boli zábery vypáleného Telgártu, boje z pancierového vlaku Hurban, či bojov pri Červenej skale a iných miestach povstania.
Kým sa pamätá, sa nezopakuje
Celé desaťročia vychádzalim tieto už ikonické fotografie našich dejín z SNP v rôznych publikáciách bez uvedenia autorstva. Fotograf Anton Ivan Székely ich pritom zhotovoval s nasadením vlastného života. Fotografoval aj budovu Slobodného vysielača Banská Bystrica, keď na ňu Nemci zhodili naraz až 46 bômb. Rovnako odvážne s nasadením života fotografoval bombardovanie Banskej Bystrice z radničnej veže, keď všetci utekali sa schovať do pivníc, či dramatické bombardovanie letiska Tri duby. Navyše, tieto zážitky spísal a odovzdal do Múzea SNP, kde sa o tom môžte dočítať veľa podrobností aj z pracovného tábora v Novákoch. Jeho dcéra Lívia Barutová dodala: „Otcovi šlo o to, aby sa na hrôzy vojny nezabudlo a nemohli sa tak už nikdy zopakovať, kým si ľudia budú na nich pamätať.“
https://www.rtvs.sk/novinky/tipy-z-programu/374214/bojovnici-zidovskeho-povodu-sa-podla-historikov-do-snp-zapajali-s-nadsenim
O ďalších hrdinských a často dojímavých príbehoch sa dozviete viac v Múzeu SNP v Banskej Bystrici. Hovoria v ňom aj o nevšednom hrdinskom príbehu JUDr. Antona Ivana Székelyho (1908-1991). Székely bol internovaný v pracovnom tábore v Novákoch odkiaľ väzni ušli a pridali sa s nadšením do SNP. Slovenská televízia uviedla o Székelym v premiére pôsobivý hraný dokumentárny film režiséra Jána Hábera už 28. augusta 2012 na Dvojke s názvom Vojak bez zbrane, kde sa hovorí: „Ako jediný sa zapojil do SNP ako vojak bez zbrane len s fotoaparátom.“
Legitimácia vojaka bez zbrane
Na veliteľstve povstaleckej armády v Banskej Bystrici mu vystavili legitimáciu, ktorá mu neraz zachránila aj život. Ako uvádza aj Múzeum SNP v Banskej Bystrici na svojej stránke, Anton Ivan Székely je prekvapivo takmer jediným autorom drvivej väčšiny ikonických fotografií. Vo filme Vojak bez zbrane jeho dcéra Lívia Barutová rozpráva viac podrobností: „Otec po vojne trpel tým, že komunisti mu odmietli uvádzať autorstvo týchto fotografií.“
Fotograf Anton Ivan Székely prežil spolu s bojovníkmi aj v prvých líniách povstaleckých bojov, či neskôr v Jegorovovej partizánskej skupine. pre slovenské dejiny a históriu priniesol množstvo vzácnych dôkazov hrdinstiev a dokumentov, ako boli zábery vypáleného Telgártu, boje z pancierového vlaku Hurban, či bojov pri Červenej skale a iných miestach povstania.
Kým sa pamätá, sa nezopakuje
Celé desaťročia vychádzalim tieto už ikonické fotografie našich dejín z SNP v rôznych publikáciách bez uvedenia autorstva. Fotograf Anton Ivan Székely ich pritom zhotovoval s nasadením vlastného života. Fotografoval aj budovu Slobodného vysielača Banská Bystrica, keď na ňu Nemci zhodili naraz až 46 bômb. Rovnako odvážne s nasadením života fotografoval bombardovanie Banskej Bystrice z radničnej veže, keď všetci utekali sa schovať do pivníc, či dramatické bombardovanie letiska Tri duby. Navyše, tieto zážitky spísal a odovzdal do Múzea SNP, kde sa o tom môžte dočítať veľa podrobností aj z pracovného tábora v Novákoch. Jeho dcéra Lívia Barutová dodala: „Otcovi šlo o to, aby sa na hrôzy vojny nezabudlo a nemohli sa tak už nikdy zopakovať, kým si ľudia budú na nich pamätať.“
https://www.rtvs.sk/novinky/tipy-z-programu/374214/bojovnici-zidovskeho-povodu-sa-podla-historikov-do-snp-zapajali-s-nadsenim
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